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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa You probably already know that different varieties can produce different flavors. Read on to learn about four of the most sought-after varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa. Excelsa beans are one of the varieties of Liberica that is grown only in Southeast Asia. They have a tangier, more tart flavor profile and are often utilized in blends of beans to give them added depth. Arabica Arabica coffee beans account for 75% of global production. Arabica beans are milder and have a sweeter flavor than Robusta and are available in a variety of flavour profiles. The taste and aroma components of a coffee may vary greatly based on the climatic conditions and processing techniques employed to produce it. The word “coffee” is derived from the Arabic word meaning the berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that develop in bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds found that their goats were stimulated by eating the fruits. The cultivation of coffee grew rapidly around the world. Coffee beans can thrive at high altitudes and flourish in cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is why Arabica coffee is believed to be the best tasting type of coffee. Many specialty coffee shops and roasters concentrate on using ethically-sourced arabica beans, by emphasizing fair wages for farmers as well as sustainable growing practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to create unique coffees that are well-suited for a wide range of methods of brewing. Blending is a way to control the aroma, flavor as well as body and acidity of the coffee and is often preferred in order to achieve an even and consistent flavor that appeals to a wider market. Robusta Robusta beans are the second-most popular type of coffee bean in the world. They have more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against pests and diseases. They also have higher levels of chlorogenic acid, which are antioxidants that occur naturally. However, these acids may cause oxidation in the coffee brewing process and can cause undesirable flavors. The plant itself is more resilient than arabica, able to thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can withstand higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and grows faster than arabica. This makes it a efficient crop to grow. While it may seem counterintuitive, Robusta beans are often mixed with arabica to create coffee blends. If you've seen the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya on a coffee bag, it's likely that there's some robusta in there as well. Most roasters use a mixture of arabica and coffee beans to cut costs and preserve quality. To preserve the quality of the flavor, it's crucial to select a high-quality bean from a supplier you are confident in. This can be accomplished by purchasing your beans direct from the farmer. Liberica Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped, which makes them distinct from other types of coffee beans. They have a distinct aroma that is floral and fruity with smoky undertones. They are often added to other bean varieties to add a fuller, more robust flavor. Liberica coffee beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They are adaptable to humid, hot climates and can thrive at low altitudes. They also have a much better resistance to disease than Arabica and Robusta. These qualities make them ideal for growing at home. You can find the seeds online from a number of sources, but it's preferred to purchase them locally-owned producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The best growing conditions for Liberica coffee plants are fertile deep volcanic soils with a moderately acidic pH and sufficient annual rainfall. Excelsa is a different variety of coffee bean. It was once classified as a separate species, but has been classified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are ovals that are grown on large 20-30-foot coffee plants that are situated at medium altitudes. coffee beans manchester is tart and sour, which makes them a popular choice for blends in the home. They have a less pronounced aroma and higher caffeine content that is less than Arabica or Robusta but they still have a unique depth of flavor. Excelsa Although they're the fourth most sought-after type of coffee beans Excelsa beans aren't quite as easily accessible as Arabica or Robusta. They were actually thought to be a different coffee plant species until 2006, when they were reclassified to become a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. Today, they're grown mainly in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's coffee production. The beans have a distinctive teardrop shape and carry an eerie, dark taste. These beans are commonly used to give blends additional body and a sweet tart flavor of ripened fruits. Arabica beans are by far the most sought-after and are renowned for their sweeter taste. They thrive in tropical and warm climates and high altitudes. They also have a bit of acidity. When roasted and brewed correctly they can be flavored like chocolate, nuts or even fruit. Robusta is a close second only to Arabica and is responsible for about 40% of the world's coffee. Robusta beans are smaller and rounder however they have twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They are also more bitter than the other two varieties and have an earthy and woody taste. After you've learned about the four most common types and their characteristics, it's time to select your favorite brew. If you prefer a delicate and smooth flavor pick an arabica or a blend made up of robusta beans and arabica beans.